November 13, 2018

Perampanel Well-Tolerated for Long-Term Epilepsy Treatment

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PK profiles of perampanel with/without EIAEDs in Study 231. Mean concentrations of perampanel are shown for patients treated with perampanel with/without EIAEDs (N?=?29; error bars show SD). Plasma concentrations were plotted by maintenance dose of perampanel. N?=?number of patients who were receiving coadministration of non-inducers only or coadministration of carbamazepine, phenytoin or phenobarbital during treatment with perampanel. † = only 1 patient was included so SD was not reported.

Purpose
To evaluate long-term tolerability, safety and efficacy of adjunctive perampanel in a Phase II, multicenter, open-label, dose-ascending Study 231 (NCT00849212) and its extension (Study 233; NCT00903786) in Japanese patients with refractory partial-onset seizures (POS), with/without secondarily generalized seizures.

Methods
In Study 231, patients received adjunctive perampanel less than or equal to 12 mg/day during a 10-week treatment period. Patients completing Study 231 could enter Study 233 (less than or equal to 316-week treatment period). Assessments included monitoring of treatment-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), median percent change in seizure frequency per 28 days, 50% responder and seizure-freedom rates. During Study 231, a pharmacokinetic analysis assessed the effects of enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs.

Results
Overall, 23/30 (76.7%) patients completed Study 231; 21/30 (70.0%) received perampanel ?8?mg/day and 10/30 (33.3%) achieved a maximum tolerated dose of 12?mg/day. Median percent change in seizure frequency per 28 days was –35.0%. 50% responder rate was 37.0%; 4 (13.3%) patients achieved seizure freedom. Twenty-one patients entered Study 233. Mean duration of exposure was 195 weeks; 9 (42.9%) patients received perampanel for ?208 weeks. Seizure control was sustained for 316 weeks in 3/21 (14.3%) patients; 2 achieved seizure freedom. Treatment-related TEAEs were tolerable; the most common was dizziness (Study 231, 53.3%; Study 233, 14.3%). Mean perampanel plasma concentrations were lower with concomitant carbamazepine vs non-inducers (152.7 ng/mL vs 389.4 ng/mL across perampanel groups); small patient numbers for non-inducers (n = 2) should be considered when interpreting these data.

Conclusion
Adjunctive perampanel demonstrated a favorable safety profile and long-term tolerability in Japanese patients with refractory POS for less than or equal to 316 weeks.

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