Abstract found on Wiley Online Library
Objectives: Improved quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome goal following epilepsy surgery. This study aims to quantify change in QoL for adults with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) who undergo epilepsy surgery, and to explore clinicodemographic factors associated with these changes.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. All studies reporting pre- and post-epilepsy surgery QoL scores in adults with DRE via validated instruments were included. Meta-analysis assessed the post-surgery change in QoL. Meta-regression assessed the effect of post-operative seizure outcomes on post-operative QoL as well as change in pre- and post-operative QoL scores.
Results: 3,774 titles and abstracts were reviewed and ultimately 16 studies, comprising 1182 unique patients, were included. QOLIE-31 (Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory- 31 item) meta-analysis included six studies and QOLIE-89 meta-analysis included four studies. Post-operative change in raw score was 20.5 for QOLIE-31 (95% CI: 10.9–30.1, I2=?95.5) and 12.1 for QOLIE-89 (95% CI: 8.0–16.1, I2=?55.0%). This corresponds to clinically meaningful QOL improvements. Meta-regression demonstrated a higher post-operative QOLIE-31 score as well as change in pre- and post-operative QOLIE-31 score among studies of cohorts with higher proportions of patients with favorable seizure outcomes. At an individual study level, pre-operative absence of mood disorders, better pre-operative cognition, fewer trials of antiseizure medications before surgery, high levels of conscientiousness and openness to experience at the baseline, engagement in paid employment before and after surgery, and not being on antidepressants following surgery were associated with improved post-operative QoL.
Significance: This study demonstrates the potential for epilepsy surgery to provide clinically meaningful improvements in QoL, as well as identifies clinicodemographic factors associated with this outcome. Limitations include substantial heterogeneity between individual studies, and high risk of bias.